CO2 Laser Skin Resurfacing

CO2 lasers have been used for many years to treat sun damage, wrinkles, scars and large pores. The thermal effect of laser penetration induces collagen production and resurfaces the skin. Treatment is used on the face, neck, chest, arms and hands.

Resurfacing technology has advanced considerably over the past two decades, but one thing has not changed: the CO2 wavelength remains the reference standard for skin penetration.

How fractional delivery works

Modern fractional handpieces deliver the laser in a controlled pattern, with control over density, wattage and duration. Two penetration levels are typical: a deeper setting for deep wrinkles, pores and scars, and a more superficial setting for generalised rejuvenation and texture.

Fractional treatment of the outer layers combined with control of residual thermal effect produces a dry procedure rather than the weeping recovery associated with the resurfacing lasers of the 1990s. Recovery is correspondingly faster.

Clinically, the changes are diminished fine wrinkling, plumping of the skin, and improved texture and pigment. Immediate effects are visible once the healing phase passes, and collagen production continues for six to twelve months afterwards.

The treatment session

A full-face treatment is not a quick appointment. Between topical anaesthesia taking effect, local nerve blocks, the treatment itself and chilling of the skin afterwards, sessions commonly run two and a half to three hours. Where an oral sedative is used, transport has to be arranged in advance.

During treatment, patients typically feel a sharp sting, most noticeably around the hairline. Settings can be reduced for comfort, at the cost of more passes for the same effect. A chiller afterwards eases the sunburn sensation, and most people are comfortable by the time they leave.

Recovery, honestly

Cool compresses for the first two days, and an occlusive ointment to keep the skin moist at all times. Over the next two to three days the skin looks tan, coagulates and begins to peel. By day five to seven the peeling is usually complete and moisturiser and makeup can go back on.

Social down time is around seven days, but redness lasts considerably longer. Erythema fades gradually from day seven to ten, and the last of the pink can take up to two months to resolve. Sun avoidance during this period is not optional.

Tightening and texture change continue for about twelve months as collagen forms beneath the surface, pores shrink and deeper wrinkles soften. Maintaining the result means sun protection: sunscreen, and a hat with a brim.